📊 State Level — Position in the Hierarchy & Three Models of Leadership
↑ FEDERAL LEVEL — EAC · CISA · FEC · DOJ · ODNI Funding, guidelines, cybersecurity, threat intelligence flow down to states STATE LEVEL — Chief Election Official (one per state) Secretary of State Model 38 states use this model Secretary of State State Election Director Examples: CA, TX, MI, AZ, GA, PA State Board of Elections ~7 states use this model Bipartisan/nonpartisan Board State Election Director IL, MD, NC, SC, VA, WI, NY Lt. Governor Model 2 states use this model Lt. Governor as CEO State Election Director Alaska, Utah ↓ COUNTY / LOCAL LEVEL — ~8,000 jurisdictions County Clerk · Board of Elections · Supervisor of Elections · Town Clerk Details → NASED NASS ← professional associations supporting state election officials

Chief Election Official (CEO)

One per state + DC + territories
State Role

Every state has a designated Chief Election Official who oversees statewide election administration. The title and structure vary significantly — in most states it's the Secretary of State, but several states use a board, a Lt. Governor, or a standalone election official.

How the CEO Role is Structured by State
Structure# of StatesExamples
Secretary of State38California, Texas, Michigan, Arizona, Georgia, Pennsylvania (and most others)
Lt. Governor2Alaska, Utah
State Board of Elections (appointed)~7Illinois, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Wisconsin, New York
Other / Dedicated Election Official~3Varies
Note: In most states, the Secretary of State is an elected, partisan official. In states with boards of elections, members are typically appointed by the governor and/or legislature, often with bipartisan requirements. The exact structure matters because it affects independence, accountability, and vulnerability to political pressure.

State-Level Responsibilities

What States Do

Administration & Certification

  • Certify voting equipment for use in the state
  • Certify and canvass statewide election results
  • Set statewide election rules, deadlines, and procedures
  • Maintain the statewide voter registration database (SVRS)
  • Oversee post-election audits
  • Certify candidates for the ballot

Support & Oversight

  • Train and support county election officials
  • Distribute HAVA grant funds to counties
  • Publish official voter guides and election information
  • Handle election-related litigation at the state level
  • Coordinate with CISA and EAC on security matters
  • Set standards for ballot design and accessibility

National Association of State Election Directors (NASED)

Founded 1989 · Washington, D.C.
Professional Org

NASED is a membership organization for state and territorial election directors — the professional administrators who implement election policy, procedures, and technologies at the state level. Membership is limited to state and territorial election offices.

Important: NASED does NOT administer elections, register voters, certify or maintain voting equipment, tabulate votes, or mail ballots. It is purely a professional association that facilitates information sharing and best practices.

National Association of Secretaries of State (NASS)

Founded 1904 · Washington, D.C.
Professional Org

The nation's oldest nonpartisan professional organization for public officials. Represents Secretaries of State and other Chief Election Officials. NASS advocates for state interests on federal legislation, facilitates best-practice exchange, and runs the #TrustedInfo voter information campaign to direct voters to official election sources.

Individual State Pages — Coming Soon

Each state has its own election administration structure, laws, and vendors. Detailed pages for individual states are planned — covering each state's Chief Election Official, voting systems in use, key rules, and recent election history.

Sources: NASED · NASS · Ballotpedia · EAC